1. System Overview¶

1.1 Low Voltage BMS System¶

The VinciX BMS 48V Module is a comprehensive battery management system designed specifically for 48V battery packs. It offers:

Modular Cell Management: Connect up to 18 battery cells in series for efficient management of your high-voltage system.
Enhanced Thermal Monitoring: Utilize 9 thermistors for precise temperature monitoring throughout the battery pack, ensuring safety and optimal performance.
Seamless Communication: Leverage CAN 2.0 communication for real-time data transmission to external systems, enabling centralized monitoring and control.
Secure Data Storage: An on-board SD card provides secure storage for vital battery data, facilitating detailed analysis and diagnostics.
Integrated Contactor Control: The built-in contactor driver simplifies control of the stack contactor, streamlining system operation.
Robust Pre-Charging: The automotive-grade pre-charge relay ensures safe and efficient pre-charging of the battery pack before operation.
Advanced Circuit Protection: Fuse detection and additional circuit protection features safeguard the system against potential electrical faults.

The Top-level Block Diagram of the entire system is given in Figure 1.

HV BMS Master — Figure 1. Top Level Block Diagram of the VinciX-48V-BMS for 16S LFP Pack

Danger

Exceeding the specified maximum ratings is strictly prohibited and it will result in the damage of the VinciX LVBMS module.

1.2 Product Specifications¶

1.2.2 Electrical Characteristics¶

Symbol	Parameter	Conditions	Min	Typ	Max	Units
Stack Bus Specifications
+Vsup	Input Voltage	Supplied Externally can be configured to work between 15V to 60V DC Typically connected to Battery + Ve Terminal	15	48	65	V DC
	Input Current Without Contactors Driven	+Vsup = 12 V DC		-		A DC
CAN Bus Spec
No of channels	1
Rterm_CAN	CAN Termination resistance	-	118	120	122	Ω
	Power rating	At 70°C		-	0.12	W
	Dominant Output	°C	1.5	-	3.0	V DC
	Recessive Output		2	2.3	3	V DC
	Output Current		15	-	30	mA DC
	Output Signal Rise Time		-	-	150	ns
	Output Signal Fall Time		-	-	200	ns
GPIO-Out Specifications
No of channels	2 (1 is current limited to 6mA and 1 is to 100mA used for buzzer)
Vopen	Max Reverse Voltage	Between N and P	-	-	70	V DC
Imax	Max Source Current		-	-	6	mA
	Output Signal Fall Time		-	-	200	ns
Vout	GPIO Voltage Level	Between P and N	10	12	13.2	V DC
GPIO_ISO	Input-Output Isolation Voltage.		-	-	5000	V DC
Imax_Buzzer	Maximum buzzer current available				100	mA
GPIO-IN Specifications
No of channels	2
Imax	Max Sink Current	Between N and P		-	6	mA
Vo	Voltage Level		10	-	13.2	V DC
GPIO_ISO	Input-Output Isolation Voltage.				5000	V DC
*All the inputs have 12V sourced from the board, no need to provide power externally. Also, in case if the external IO has voltage source.
Hall Sensor Specification for Boards with
Supply voltage (Vhall+ and Vhall -)		On Board derived	+4.5	5	+5.5	V DC
Supply Current (Ihall+, Ihall-)		Maximum Current available for hall Sensor			20	mA
Open Loop Bidirectional, Unipolar, with 2.5V Offset.
*Example: HL050T05-CB10– Electrohms make closed loop hall sensor.
High Voltage Sense Specification
Max Voltage Sense Range	High Voltage sense range				89	V DC
No of sense channels	2
Contactor Driver Specifications
Max Voltage Sense Range	High Voltage sense range				89	V DC
Power Supply, On board generated			10	12	15	V DC
Max Continuous Current Per Contactor					0.75	A
No of Contactors Driven	1
Pre-Charge Specification
Pre charge Relay Part On Board - A2K1CSP12VDC1.6 , CIT Make Automotive Relay.
Max Switch V	Pre charge Relay Max Switching Voltage	Resistive Load			110	V
Isw	Max Switching current @ 72VDC	Resistive Load			15	A
Vcoil	Coil voltage				12	V
R-pre	Pre charge Resistor	On and Off Board based on customer requirement On Board Spec is only given here		22		Ohm
P_pre	Pre charge Resistor Power	On board resistor case only		5		W
Analog Front End Specification
Nc	Total No of cells in Series		6	-	18
Tn	Total no of Thermistors supported		0	-	9
Power Specifications
V⁺	Supply Voltage		16	60	90	V DC
I⁺	Supply Current Measured at 30VDC	When Active	-	2	-	mA
		When transmitting	-	15	-	mA
		When in Sleep	-	5.5	-	uA
C(n) – C(n-1)	Cell Measurement Range		0	-	5	V DC
TME	Total Measurement Error	C(n) to C(n–1)=4.2V, GPIO(n) to V– = 2.0 T= 26 °C		5		W
P_pre	Pre charge Resistor Power	On board resistor case only	±2	±5	±7	mV
Temperature Sensors Specifications
I_T	Temp Sensor Current	At sensor resistor 0 Ohm	-	-	300	uA
Type	Sensor Type	NTC Thermistors
R₂₅	Thermistor Resistance	at 25°C	-	10	-	Kohm
T_V	Thermistor Sensor Voltage Range		-	-	3	V
*BMS FW Supports TANR-A2E-103R1BD-L101 thermistor by default, to use thermistor of different beta value, FW upgrade is required.
Cell Balancing
I_bal	Average Cell Balancing Current	At 4.2V	-	-	100	mA
R_bal	Balancing Resistor		15	16	17	Ohm
P_R	Power Rating		-	1	-	W
T_V	Thermistor Sensor Voltage Range		-	-	3	V
AFE Communication with Micro Controller	4 wire -SPI
Baud Rate	AFE COM baud rate		-	1	-	Mbps
*It is recommended to use single core twisted pair shielded cable for LMU communication to increase the noise immunity, preferred make : Belden

1.2.3 Environmental Conditions¶

Symbol	Parameter	Min	Typ	Max	Units
Thermal Specifications
Ta	Operating Temperature	-10	25	60	°C
Ts	Storage Temperature	-10	-	60	°C
Humidity Specifications
RH_a	Operational RH	5		85	%
RH_s	Storage RH	5		85	%
Shock and Vibration Specifications
Vertical	Vertical shock/vibration as per AIS - 156	-		10	m/s²
Longitudinal	Longitudinal shock/vibration as per AIS - 156	-		10	m/s²
Mechanical Shock	On each axis as per AIS - 156	-		500	m/s²